<=> (<=>)
The truth-functional connective of bi-implication.
Ontology
SUMO / STRUCTURAL-ONTOLOGYClass(es)
Coordinate term(s)
=>
and
entails
exists
forall
not
or
Type restrictions
<=>(sUtra, sUtra)
Axioms (101)
Agar rel1 is an inverse of rel2, to sab-kuch inst1,inst2 ke lie hai, ki: rel1(inst1,inst2) holds agar hai rel2(inst2,inst1) holds.
(=>
(inverse ?REL1 ?REL2)
(forall
(?INST1 ?INST2)
(<=>
(holds ?REL1 ?INST1 ?INST2)
(holds ?REL2 ?INST2 ?INST1))))
subclass is a subclass of class agar hai
(<=>
(subclass ?SUBCLASS ?CLASS)
(and
(instance ?SUBCLASS SetOrClass)
(instance ?CLASS SetOrClass)
(forall
(?INST)
(=>
(instance ?INST ?SUBCLASS)
(instance ?INST ?CLASS)))))
Agar thing1 is equal to thing2, to sab-kuch attr ke lie hai, ki: thing1 has an attribute attr agar hai thing2 has an attribute attr.
(=>
(equal ?THING1 ?THING2)
(forall
(?ATTR)
(<=>
(property ?THING1 ?ATTR)
(property ?THING2 ?ATTR))))
Agar attr1 is equal to attr2, to sab-kuch thing ke lie hai, ki: thing has an attribute attr1 agar hai thing has an attribute attr2.
(=>
(equal ?ATTR1 ?ATTR2)
(forall
(?THING)
(<=>
(property ?THING ?ATTR1)
(property ?THING ?ATTR2))))
Agar thing1 is equal to thing2, to sab-kuch class ke lie hai, ki: thing1 is an instance of class agar hai thing2 is an instance of class.
(=>
(equal ?THING1 ?THING2)
(forall
(?CLASS)
(<=>
(instance ?THING1 ?CLASS)
(instance ?THING2 ?CLASS))))
Agar class1 is equal to class2, to sab-kuch thing ke lie hai, ki: thing is an instance of class1 agar hai thing is an instance of class2.
(=>
(equal ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2)
(forall
(?THING)
(<=>
(instance ?THING ?CLASS1)
(instance ?THING ?CLASS2))))
Agar rel1 is equal to rel2, to sab-kuch ke lie hai, ki: rel1() holds agar hai rel2() holds.
(=>
(equal ?REL1 ?REL2)
(forall
(@ROW)
(<=>
(holds ?REL1 @ROW)
(holds ?REL2 @ROW))))
(=>
(equal ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2)
(=>
(and
(equal
?OBJ1
(ListOrderFn
(ListFn @ROW1)
?NUMBER))
(equal
?OBJ2
(ListOrderFn
(ListFn @ROW2)
?NUMBER))
(equal
(ListFn @ROW1)
(ListFn @ROW2)))
(<=>
(holds @ROW1)
(holds @ROW2))))
class1 asansavat class2 se hai agar hai
(<=>
(disjoint ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2)
(and
(instance ?CLASS1 SetOrClass)
(instance ?CLASS2 SetOrClass)
(forall
(?INST)
(not
(and
(instance ?INST ?CLASS1)
(instance ?INST ?CLASS2))))))
is exhaustively partitioned into agar hai is covered by aur is disjointly decomposed into .
(<=>
(partition @ROW)
(and
(exhaustiveDecomposition @ROW)
(disjointDecomposition @ROW)))
phys is an instance of bhOtika vaswu agar hai yah kuch loc,time nahin, ki phys is located at loc aur phys exists during time.
(<=>
(instance ?PHYS Physical)
(exists
(?LOC ?TIME)
(and
(located ?PHYS ?LOC)
(time ?PHYS ?TIME))))
obj1 is a properPart of obj2 agar hai obj1 is a part of obj2 aur obj2 is not a part of obj1.
(<=>
(properPart ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2)
(and
(part ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2)
(not
(part ?OBJ2 ?OBJ1))))
coll1 is a proper sub-collection of coll2 agar hai
(<=>
(subCollection ?COLL1 ?COLL2)
(and
(instance ?COLL1 Collection)
(instance ?COLL2 Collection)
(forall
(?MEMBER)
(=>
(member ?MEMBER ?COLL1)
(member ?MEMBER ?COLL2)))))
agent is an instance of kartaa agar hai yah kuch proc nahin, ki proc agent kaa kaaran hai.
(<=>
(instance ?AGENT Agent)
(exists
(?PROC)
(agent ?PROC ?AGENT)))
abs is an instance of amUrta agar hai yah kuch point nahin, ki abs is located at point yaa abs exists during point.
(<=>
(instance ?ABS Abstract)
(not
(exists
(?POINT)
(or
(located ?ABS ?POINT)
(time ?ABS ?POINT)))))
"the description of class" is equal to attr agar hai sab-kuch inst ke lie hai, ki: inst is an instance of class agar hai inst has an attribute attr.
(<=>
(equal
(AbstractionFn ?CLASS)
?ATTR)
(forall
(?INST)
(<=>
(instance ?INST ?CLASS)
(property ?INST ?ATTR))))
"the class corresponding to attribute" is equal to class agar hai "the description of class" is equal to attribute.
(<=>
(equal
(ExtensionFn ?ATTRIBUTE)
?CLASS)
(equal
(AbstractionFn ?CLASS)
?ATTRIBUTE))
number1 is less than or equal to number2 agar hai number1 is equal to number2 yaa number1 is less than number2.
(<=>
(lessThanOrEqualTo ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2)
(or
(equal ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2)
(lessThan ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2)))
number1 is greater than or equal to number2 agar hai number1 is equal to number2 yaa number1 is greater than number2.
(<=>
(greaterThanOrEqualTo ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2)
(or
(equal ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2)
(greaterThan ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2)))
number is an instance of aQNaatmaka vaastavika anka agar hai number is greater than or equal to aur number is an instance of vaastavika anka.
(<=>
(instance ?NUMBER NonnegativeRealNumber)
(and
(greaterThanOrEqualTo ?NUMBER 0)
(instance ?NUMBER RealNumber)))
number is an instance of dhanaatmaka vaastavika anka agar hai number is greater than aur number is an instance of vaastavika anka.
(<=>
(instance ?NUMBER PositiveRealNumber)
(and
(greaterThan ?NUMBER 0)
(instance ?NUMBER RealNumber)))
number is an instance of Qnaatmaka vaastavika anka agar hai number is less than aur number is an instance of vaastavika anka.
(<=>
(instance ?NUMBER NegativeRealNumber)
(and
(lessThan ?NUMBER 0)
(instance ?NUMBER RealNumber)))
Agar rel is an instance of sambandha, to rel() holds agar hai rel() ke lie hai, ki.
(=>
(instance ?REL Relation)
(<=>
(holds ?REL @ROW)
(?REL @ROW)))
rel is an instance of eka mUlyaadeya sambandha agar hai sab-kuch ,item1,item2 ke lie hai, ki: agar rel(,item1) holds aur rel(,item2) holds, to item1 is equal to item2.
(<=>
(instance ?REL SingleValuedRelation)
(forall
(@ROW ?ITEM1 ?ITEM2)
(=>
(and
(holds ?REL @ROW ?ITEM1)
(holds ?REL @ROW ?ITEM2))
(equal ?ITEM1 ?ITEM2))))
rel is an instance of pUrNa mUlyaadeya sambandha agar hai yah kuch valence nahin, ki rel is an instance of sambandha aur rel ke valence konaanke bahanen hai aur - agar sab-kuch number,element,class ke lie hai, ki: agar number is less than valence aur the number number argument of rel is an instance of class aur element is equal to "numberth element of "()"", to element is an instance of class,
- to yah kuch item nahin, ki rel(,item) holds
.
(<=>
(instance ?REL TotalValuedRelation)
(exists
(?VALENCE)
(and
(instance ?REL Relation)
(valence ?REL ?VALENCE)
(=>
(forall
(?NUMBER ?ELEMENT ?CLASS)
(=>
(and
(lessThan ?NUMBER ?VALENCE)
(domain ?REL ?NUMBER ?CLASS)
(equal
?ELEMENT
(ListOrderFn
(ListFn @ROW)
?NUMBER)))
(instance ?ELEMENT ?CLASS)))
(exists
(?ITEM)
(holds ?REL @ROW ?ITEM))))))
list is an instance of asaadhaaraNa sUchI agar hai sab-kuch number1,number2 ke lie hai, ki: agar "number1th element of list" is equal to "number2th element of list", to number1 is equal to number2.
(<=>
(instance ?LIST UniqueList)
(forall
(?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2)
(=>
(equal
(ListOrderFn ?LIST ?NUMBER1)
(ListOrderFn ?LIST ?NUMBER2))
(equal ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2))))
list is equal to null list agar hai yah kuch item nahin, ki item is a member of list.
(<=>
(equal ?LIST NullList)
(not
(exists
(?ITEM)
(inList ?ITEM ?LIST))))
Agar "list kii lambaaaii" is equal to number1, to sab-kuch number2 ke lie hai, ki: yah kuch item nahin, ki "number2th element of list" is equal to item agar hai number2 is less than or equal to number1.
(=>
(equal
(ListLengthFn ?LIST)
?NUMBER1)
(forall
(?NUMBER2)
(<=>
(exists
(?ITEM)
(equal
(ListOrderFn ?LIST ?NUMBER2)
?ITEM))
(lessThanOrEqualTo ?NUMBER2 ?NUMBER1))))
list3 is equal to "the list composed of list1 and list2" agar hai sab-kuch number1,number2 ke lie hai, ki: agar number1 is less than or equal to "list1 kii lambaaaii" aur number2 is less than or equal to "list2 kii lambaaaii" aur number1 is an instance of dhanaatmaka pUrNaanka aur number2 is an instance of dhanaatmaka pUrNaanka, to "number1th element of list3" is equal to "number1th element of list1" aur ""("list1 kii lambaaaii"+number2)"th element of list3" is equal to "number2th element of list2".
(<=>
(equal
?LIST3
(ListConcatenateFn ?LIST1 ?LIST2))
(forall
(?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2)
(=>
(and
(lessThanOrEqualTo
?NUMBER1
(ListLengthFn ?LIST1))
(lessThanOrEqualTo
?NUMBER2
(ListLengthFn ?LIST2))
(instance ?NUMBER1 PositiveInteger)
(instance ?NUMBER2 PositiveInteger))
(and
(equal
(ListOrderFn ?LIST3 ?NUMBER1)
(ListOrderFn ?LIST1 ?NUMBER1))
(equal
(ListOrderFn
?LIST3
(AdditionFn
(ListLengthFn ?LIST1)
?NUMBER2))
(ListOrderFn ?LIST2 ?NUMBER2))))))
item is a member of list agar hai yah kuch number nahin, ki "numberth element of list" is equal to item.
(<=>
(inList ?ITEM ?LIST)
(exists
(?NUMBER)
(equal
(ListOrderFn ?LIST ?NUMBER)
?ITEM)))
relation is total ordering on class agar hai relation is partial ordering on class aur relation is trichotomizing on class.
(<=>
(totalOrderingOn ?RELATION ?CLASS)
(and
(partialOrderingOn ?RELATION ?CLASS)
(trichotomizingOn ?RELATION ?CLASS)))
"thing ki jagah time tha" is equal to region agar hai thing is exactly located in region during time.
(<=>
(equal
(WhereFn ?THING ?TIME)
?REGION)
(holdsDuring
?TIME
(exactlyLocated ?THING ?REGION)))
obj is an instance of "belongings of person" agar hai person posesses obj.
(<=>
(instance
?OBJ
(PropertyFn ?PERSON))
(possesses ?PERSON ?OBJ))
class1 subsumes the content of class2 aur class2 subsumes the content of class1 agar hai class1 is equivalent to class2.
(<=>
(and
(subsumesContentClass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2)
(subsumesContentClass ?CLASS2 ?CLASS1))
(equivalentContentClass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2))
class1 subsumes the content of class2 agar hai sab-kuch obj2,info ke lie hai, ki: agar obj2 is an instance of class2 aur obj2 contains information info, to yah kuch class1 obj1 nahin, ki obj1 contains information info.
(<=>
(subsumesContentClass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2)
(forall
(?OBJ2 ?INFO)
(=>
(and
(instance ?OBJ2 ?CLASS2)
(containsInformation ?OBJ2 ?INFO))
(exists
(?OBJ1)
(and
(instance ?OBJ1 ?CLASS1)
(containsInformation ?OBJ1 ?INFO))))))
obj1 subsumes the content of obj2 aur obj2 subsumes the content of obj1 agar hai obj1 is equivalent to obj2.
(<=>
(and
(subsumesContentInstance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2)
(subsumesContentInstance ?OBJ2 ?OBJ1))
(equivalentContentInstance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2))
obj1 subsumes the content of obj2 agar hai sab-kuch info ke lie hai, ki: agar obj2 contains information info, to obj1 contains information info.
(<=>
(subsumesContentInstance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2)
(forall
(?INFO)
(=>
(containsInformation ?OBJ2 ?INFO)
(containsInformation ?OBJ1 ?INFO))))
express is expressed in language language agar hai yah kuch prop nahin, ki express represents prop in the language language.
(<=>
(expressedInLanguage ?EXPRESS ?LANGUAGE)
(exists
(?PROP)
(representsInLanguage ?EXPRESS ?PROP ?LANGUAGE)))
"the absolute value of number1" is equal to number2 aur number1 is an instance of vaastavika anka aur number2 is an instance of vaastavika anka agar hai
(<=>
(and
(equal
(AbsoluteValueFn ?NUMBER1)
?NUMBER2)
(instance ?NUMBER1 RealNumber)
(instance ?NUMBER2 RealNumber))
(or
(and
(instance ?NUMBER1 NonnegativeRealNumber)
(equal ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2))
(and
(instance ?NUMBER1 NegativeRealNumber)
(equal
?NUMBER2
(SubtractionFn 0 ?NUMBER1)))))
"number1 mod number2" is equal to number agar hai "(""the largest integer less than or equal to "number1/number2""*number2"+number)" is equal to number1.
(<=>
(equal
(RemainderFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2)
?NUMBER)
(equal
(AdditionFn
(MultiplicationFn
(FloorFn
(DivisionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2))
?NUMBER2)
?NUMBER)
?NUMBER1))
Agar sab-kuch element ke lie hai, ki: element is an element of set1 agar hai element is an element of set2, to set1 is equal to set2.
(=>
(forall
(?ELEMENT)
(<=>
(element ?ELEMENT ?SET1)
(element ?ELEMENT ?SET2)))
(equal ?SET1 ?SET2))
graph is an instance of aalekha paripatha agar hai yah kuch node nahin, ki "the beginning of graph" is equal to node aur "the end of graph" is equal to node.
(<=>
(instance ?GRAPH GraphCircuit)
(exists
(?NODE)
(and
(equal
(BeginNodeFn ?GRAPH)
?NODE)
(equal
(EndNodeFn ?GRAPH)
?NODE))))
graph is an instance of bahu aalekha agar hai yah kuch arc1,arc2,node1,node2 nahin, ki arc1 is a part of graph aur arc2 is a part of graph aur node1 is a part of graph aur node2 is a part of graph aur arc1 links node1 and node2 aur arc2 links node1 and node2 aur arc1 is not equal to arc2.
(<=>
(instance ?GRAPH MultiGraph)
(exists
(?ARC1 ?ARC2 ?NODE1 ?NODE2)
(and
(graphPart ?ARC1 ?GRAPH)
(graphPart ?ARC2 ?GRAPH)
(graphPart ?NODE1 ?GRAPH)
(graphPart ?NODE2 ?GRAPH)
(links ?NODE1 ?NODE2 ?ARC1)
(links ?NODE1 ?NODE2 ?ARC2)
(not
(equal ?ARC1 ?ARC2)))))
graph is an instance of aabhaasii aalekha agar hai yah kuch aalekha paasha loop nahin, ki loop is a part of graph.
(<=>
(instance ?GRAPH PseudoGraph)
(exists
(?LOOP)
(and
(instance ?LOOP GraphLoop)
(graphPart ?LOOP ?GRAPH))))
loop is an instance of aalekha paasha agar hai yah kuch node nahin, ki loop links node and node.
(<=>
(instance ?LOOP GraphLoop)
(exists
(?NODE)
(links ?NODE ?NODE ?LOOP)))
Agar path is a part of graph aur graph is not an instance of pratyaksha aalekha, to "the set of paths between node1 and node2" is equal to path agar hai "the set of paths between node2 and node1" is equal to path.
(=>
(and
(graphPart ?PATH ?GRAPH)
(not
(instance ?GRAPH DirectedGraph)))
(<=>
(equal
(GraphPathFn ?NODE1 ?NODE2)
?PATH)
(equal
(GraphPathFn ?NODE2 ?NODE1)
?PATH)))
quantity is an instance of "the interval from from to to" agar hai quantity is greater than or equal to from aur quantity is less than or equal to to.
(<=>
(instance
?QUANTITY
(IntervalFn ?FROM ?TO))
(and
(greaterThanOrEqualTo ?QUANTITY ?FROM)
(lessThanOrEqualTo ?QUANTITY ?TO)))
"value of belongings of person" is equal to amount agar hai value of "belongings of person" is amount.
(<=>
(equal
(WealthFn ?PERSON)
?AMOUNT)
(monetaryValue
(PropertyFn ?PERSON)
?AMOUNT))
pos is a part of "the time of existence of thing" agar hai thing exists during pos.
(<=>
(temporalPart
?POS
(WhenFn ?THING))
(time ?THING ?POS))
interval1 starts interval2 agar hai "the beginning of interval1" is equal to "the beginning of interval2" aur "the end of interval1" happen?{s} before "the end of interval2".
(<=>
(starts ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2)
(and
(equal
(BeginFn ?INTERVAL1)
(BeginFn ?INTERVAL2))
(before
(EndFn ?INTERVAL1)
(EndFn ?INTERVAL2))))
interval1 finishes interval2 agar hai "the beginning of interval2" happen?{s} before "the beginning of interval1" aur "the end of interval2" is equal to "the end of interval1".
(<=>
(finishes ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2)
(and
(before
(BeginFn ?INTERVAL2)
(BeginFn ?INTERVAL1))
(equal
(EndFn ?INTERVAL2)
(EndFn ?INTERVAL1))))
point2 is between point1 and point3 agar hai point1 happen?{s} before point2 aur point2 happen?{s} before point3.
(<=>
(temporallyBetween ?POINT1 ?POINT2 ?POINT3)
(and
(before ?POINT1 ?POINT2)
(before ?POINT2 ?POINT3)))
point2 is between or at point1 and point3 agar hai point1 happen?{s} before or at point2 aur point2 happen?{s} before or at point3.
(<=>
(temporallyBetweenOrEqual ?POINT1 ?POINT2 ?POINT3)
(and
(beforeOrEqual ?POINT1 ?POINT2)
(beforeOrEqual ?POINT2 ?POINT3)))
phys exists during time aur time is an instance of samaya biMdu agar hai time is between or at "the beginning of "the time of existence of phys"" and "the end of "the time of existence of phys"".
(<=>
(and
(time ?PHYS ?TIME)
(instance ?TIME TimePoint))
(temporallyBetweenOrEqual
(BeginFn
(WhenFn ?PHYS))
?TIME
(EndFn
(WhenFn ?PHYS))))
interval2 overlaps interval1 agar hai yah kuch samaya aMtaraala interval3 nahin, ki interval3 is a part of interval1 aur interval3 is a part of interval2.
(<=>
(overlapsTemporally ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2)
(exists
(?INTERVAL3)
(and
(instance ?INTERVAL3 TimeInterval)
(temporalPart ?INTERVAL3 ?INTERVAL1)
(temporalPart ?INTERVAL3 ?INTERVAL2))))
interval1 meets interval2 agar hai "the end of interval1" is equal to "the beginning of interval2".
(<=>
(meetsTemporally ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2)
(equal
(EndFn ?INTERVAL1)
(BeginFn ?INTERVAL2)))
interval1 happens earlier than interval2 agar hai "the end of interval1" happen?{s} before "the beginning of interval2".
(<=>
(earlier ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2)
(before
(EndFn ?INTERVAL1)
(BeginFn ?INTERVAL2)))
phys1 occurs at the same time as phys2 agar hai "the time of existence of phys1" is equal to "the time of existence of phys2".
(<=>
(cooccur ?PHYS1 ?PHYS2)
(equal
(WhenFn ?PHYS1)
(WhenFn ?PHYS2)))
Agar "interval between point1 and point2" is equal to interval, to sab-kuch point ke lie hai, ki: point is between or at point1 and point2 agar hai point is a part of interval.
(=>
(equal
(TimeIntervalFn ?POINT1 ?POINT2)
?INTERVAL)
(forall
(?POINT)
(<=>
(temporallyBetweenOrEqual ?POINT1 ?POINT ?POINT2)
(temporalPart ?POINT ?INTERVAL))))
obj is an instance of aatmasambaddha vastu agar hai sab-kuch part1,part2 ke lie hai, ki: agar obj is equal to "the union of the parts of part1 and part2", to part1 is connected to part2.
(<=>
(instance ?OBJ SelfConnectedObject)
(forall
(?PART1 ?PART2)
(=>
(equal
?OBJ
(MereologicalSumFn ?PART1 ?PART2))
(connected ?PART1 ?PART2))))
obj1 connects obj2 and obj3 agar hai obj1 is connected to obj2 aur obj1 is connected to obj3 aur obj2 is not connected to obj3.
(<=>
(connects ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?OBJ3)
(and
(connected ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2)
(connected ?OBJ1 ?OBJ3)
(not
(connected ?OBJ2 ?OBJ3))))
obj1 overlaps with obj2 agar hai yah kuch obj3 nahin, ki obj3 is a part of obj1 aur obj3 is a part of obj2.
(<=>
(overlapsSpatially ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2)
(exists
(?OBJ3)
(and
(part ?OBJ3 ?OBJ1)
(part ?OBJ3 ?OBJ2))))
obj1 partially overlaps with obj2 agar hai - obj1 is not a part of obj2
aur - obj2 is not a part of obj1
aur - yah kuch obj3 nahin, ki obj3 is a part of obj1 aur obj3 is a part of obj2
.
(<=>
(overlapsPartially ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2)
(and
(not
(part ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2))
(not
(part ?OBJ2 ?OBJ1))
(exists
(?OBJ3)
(and
(part ?OBJ3 ?OBJ1)
(part ?OBJ3 ?OBJ2)))))
The width of object is width agar hai yah kuch side1,side2 nahin, ki a side of object is side1 aur a side of object is side2 aur the distance between side1 and side2 is width.
(<=>
(width ?OBJECT ?WIDTH)
(exists
(?SIDE1 ?SIDE2)
(and
(side ?SIDE1 ?OBJECT)
(side ?SIDE2 ?OBJECT)
(distance ?SIDE1 ?SIDE2 ?WIDTH))))
Agar obj3 is equal to "the union of the parts of obj1 and obj2", to sab-kuch part ke lie hai, ki: part is a part of obj3 agar hai part is a part of obj1 yaa part is a part of obj2.
(=>
(equal
?OBJ3
(MereologicalSumFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2))
(forall
(?PART)
(<=>
(part ?PART ?OBJ3)
(or
(part ?PART ?OBJ1)
(part ?PART ?OBJ2)))))
Agar obj3 is equal to "the intersection of the parts of obj1 and obj2", to sab-kuch part ke lie hai, ki: part is a part of obj3 agar hai part is a part of obj1 aur part is a part of obj2.
(=>
(equal
?OBJ3
(MereologicalProductFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2))
(forall
(?PART)
(<=>
(part ?PART ?OBJ3)
(and
(part ?PART ?OBJ1)
(part ?PART ?OBJ2)))))
Agar obj3 is equal to "the difference between the parts of obj1 and obj2", to sab-kuch part ke lie hai, ki: part is a part of obj3 agar hai part is a part of obj1 aur part is not a part of obj2.
(=>
(equal
?OBJ3
(MereologicalDifferenceFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2))
(forall
(?PART)
(<=>
(part ?PART ?OBJ3)
(and
(part ?PART ?OBJ1)
(not
(part ?PART ?OBJ2))))))
hole is an instance of antaraala agar hai yah kuch obj nahin, ki hole obj men chidra hai.
(<=>
(instance ?HOLE Hole)
(exists
(?OBJ)
(hole ?HOLE ?OBJ)))
Agar obj1 is equal to "the host of the hole hole", to sab-kuch obj2 ke lie hai, ki: obj2 overlaps with obj1 agar hai yah kuch obj3 nahin, ki hole obj3 men chidra hai aur obj2 overlaps with obj3.
(=>
(equal
?OBJ1
(PrincipalHostFn ?HOLE))
(forall
(?OBJ2)
(<=>
(overlapsSpatially ?OBJ2 ?OBJ1)
(exists
(?OBJ3)
(and
(hole ?HOLE ?OBJ3)
(overlapsSpatially ?OBJ2 ?OBJ3))))))
fillable is an attribute of hole1 agar hai yah kuch antaraala hole2 nahin, ki hole1 is a part of hole2.
(<=>
(attribute ?HOLE1 Fillable)
(exists
(?HOLE2)
(and
(instance ?HOLE2 Hole)
(part ?HOLE1 ?HOLE2))))
Agar obj1 is equal to "the surface of the hole hole", to sab-kuch obj2 ke lie hai, ki: obj2 overlaps with obj1 agar hai yah kuch obj3 nahin, ki obj3 is a superficial part of "the host of the hole hole" aur hole meets obj3 aur obj2 overlaps with obj3.
(=>
(equal
?OBJ1
(SkinFn ?HOLE))
(forall
(?OBJ2)
(<=>
(overlapsSpatially ?OBJ2 ?OBJ1)
(exists
(?OBJ3)
(and
(superficialPart
?OBJ3
(PrincipalHostFn ?HOLE))
(meetsSpatially ?HOLE ?OBJ3)
(overlapsSpatially ?OBJ2 ?OBJ3))))))
inj is an instance of chota agar hai inj is an instance of kshati aur jIvadhaarI padaartha is a patient of inj.
(<=>
(instance ?INJ Injuring)
(and
(instance ?INJ Damaging)
(patient ?INJ Organism)))
Yah kuch rina aadaana borrow nahin, ki borrow agent1 kaa kaaran hai aur borrow origins at agent2 aur object is a patient of borrow agar hai yah kuch aapurti lend nahin, ki lend agent2 kaa kaaran hai aur lend ends at agent1 aur object is a patient of lend.
(<=>
(exists
(?BORROW)
(and
(instance ?BORROW Borrowing)
(agent ?BORROW ?AGENT1)
(origin ?BORROW ?AGENT2)
(patient ?BORROW ?OBJECT)))
(exists
(?LEND)
(and
(instance ?LEND Lending)
(agent ?LEND ?AGENT2)
(destination ?LEND ?AGENT1)
(patient ?LEND ?OBJECT))))
Yah kuch kraya buy nahin, ki buy agent1 kaa kaaran hai aur buy origins at agent2 aur object is a patient of buy agar hai yah kuch vikraya sell nahin, ki sell agent2 kaa kaaran hai aur sell ends at agent1 aur object is a patient of sell.
(<=>
(exists
(?BUY)
(and
(instance ?BUY Buying)
(agent ?BUY ?AGENT1)
(origin ?BUY ?AGENT2)
(patient ?BUY ?OBJECT)))
(exists
(?SELL)
(and
(instance ?SELL Selling)
(agent ?SELL ?AGENT2)
(destination ?SELL ?AGENT1)
(patient ?SELL ?OBJECT))))
process is an instance of vinaasha agar hai yah kuch patient nahin, ki patient is a patient of process aur patient exists during "immediately before "the time of existence of process"" aur patient doesn't exist during "immediately after "the time of existence of process"".
(<=>
(instance ?PROCESS Destruction)
(exists
(?PATIENT)
(and
(patient ?PROCESS ?PATIENT)
(time
?PATIENT
(ImmediatePastFn
(WhenFn ?PROCESS)))
(not
(time
?PATIENT
(ImmediateFutureFn
(WhenFn ?PROCESS)))))))
combine is an instance of sanyojana aur obj1 is a resource for combine aur obj2 is a result of combine agar hai obj1 is not a part of obj2 immediately before "the time of existence of combine" aur obj1 is a part of obj2 immediately after "the time of existence of combine".
(<=>
(and
(instance ?COMBINE Combining)
(resource ?COMBINE ?OBJ1)
(result ?COMBINE ?OBJ2))
(and
(holdsDuring
(ImmediatePastFn
(WhenFn ?COMBINE))
(not
(part ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2)))
(holdsDuring
(ImmediateFutureFn
(WhenFn ?COMBINE))
(part ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2))))
compound is an instance of yOgika padaartha agar hai yah kuch avayavI padaartha element1,avayavI padaartha element2,raasaayanika sanyojana process nahin, ki element1 is not equal to element2 aur element1 is a resource for process aur element2 is a resource for process aur compound is a result of process.
(<=>
(instance ?COMPOUND CompoundSubstance)
(exists
(?ELEMENT1 ?ELEMENT2 ?PROCESS)
(and
(instance ?ELEMENT1 ElementalSubstance)
(instance ?ELEMENT2 ElementalSubstance)
(not
(equal ?ELEMENT1 ?ELEMENT2))
(instance ?PROCESS ChemicalSynthesis)
(resource ?PROCESS ?ELEMENT1)
(resource ?PROCESS ?ELEMENT2)
(result ?PROCESS ?COMPOUND))))
process is an instance of srijana agar hai yah kuch patient nahin, ki patient is a patient of process aur patient exists during "immediately after "the time of existence of process"" aur patient doesn't exist during "immediately before "the time of existence of process"".
(<=>
(instance ?PROCESS Creation)
(exists
(?PATIENT)
(and
(patient ?PROCESS ?PATIENT)
(time
?PATIENT
(ImmediateFutureFn
(WhenFn ?PROCESS)))
(not
(time
?PATIENT
(ImmediatePastFn
(WhenFn ?PROCESS)))))))
Yah kuch nirmaana build nahin, ki artifact is a result of build agar hai artifact is an instance of lekhana saamagrI.
(<=>
(exists
(?BUILD)
(and
(instance ?BUILD Constructing)
(result ?BUILD ?ARTIFACT)))
(instance ?ARTIFACT StationaryArtifact))
Yah kuch vikiranakaarii prakaasha emit nahin, ki region is a patient of emit aur region is an instance of kshetra agar hai illuminated is an attribute of region.
(<=>
(exists
(?EMIT)
(and
(instance ?EMIT RadiatingLight)
(patient ?EMIT ?REGION)
(instance ?REGION Region)))
(attribute ?REGION Illuminated))
animal1 is a sibling of animal2 agar hai yah kuch father,mother nahin, ki father is a father of animal1 aur father is a father of animal2 aur mother is a mother of animal1 aur mother is a mother of animal2.
(<=>
(sibling ?ANIMAL1 ?ANIMAL2)
(exists
(?FATHER ?MOTHER)
(and
(father ?ANIMAL1 ?FATHER)
(father ?ANIMAL2 ?FATHER)
(mother ?ANIMAL1 ?MOTHER)
(mother ?ANIMAL2 ?MOTHER))))
org publishes text agar hai yah kuch prakaashana pub nahin, ki pub org kaa kaaran hai aur text is a patient of pub.
(<=>
(publishes ?ORG ?TEXT)
(exists
(?PUB)
(and
(instance ?PUB Publication)
(agent ?PUB ?ORG)
(patient ?PUB ?TEXT))))
artifact is an instance of shilpakriti agar hai yah kuch rachanaa making nahin, ki artifact is a result of making.
(<=>
(instance ?ARTIFACT Artifact)
(exists
(?MAKING)
(and
(instance ?MAKING Making)
(result ?MAKING ?ARTIFACT))))
comp1 is connected to comp2 agar hai yah kuch connection nahin, ki connection connects comp1 and comp2.
(<=>
(connectedEngineeringComponents ?COMP1 ?COMP2)
(exists
(?CONNECTION)
(connectsEngineeringComponents ?CONNECTION ?COMP1 ?COMP2)))
Agar "the legal organizational entity of unit" is equal to org aur attr is an instance of niyaamaka visheshataa, to attr is an attribute of unit agar hai attr is an attribute of org.
(=>
(and
(equal
(OrganizationFn ?UNIT)
?ORG)
(instance ?ATTR NormativeAttribute))
(<=>
(attribute ?UNIT ?ATTR)
(attribute ?ORG ?ATTR)))
obj1 is north to obj2 agar hai obj2 is south to obj1.
(<=>
(orientation ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 North)
(orientation ?OBJ2 ?OBJ1 South))
obj1 is east to obj2 agar hai obj2 is west to obj1.
(<=>
(orientation ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 East)
(orientation ?OBJ2 ?OBJ1 West))
obj1 is vertical to obj2 agar hai obj2 is horizontal to obj1.
(<=>
(orientation ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 Vertical)
(orientation ?OBJ2 ?OBJ1 Horizontal))
obj1 is above to obj2 agar hai obj2 is below to obj1.
(<=>
(orientation ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 Above)
(orientation ?OBJ2 ?OBJ1 Below))
obj1 is right to obj2 agar hai obj2 is left to obj1.
(<=>
(orientation ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 Right)
(orientation ?OBJ2 ?OBJ1 Left))
Sab-kuch org ke lie hai, ki: org doesn't employ person aur person is an instance of maanava agar hai unemployed is an attribute of person.
(<=>
(forall
(?ORG)
(and
(not
(employs ?ORG ?PERSON))
(instance ?PERSON Human)))
(attribute ?PERSON Unemployed))
The statement formula has the model force of necessity agar hai the statement "formula" has the model force of possibility.
(<=>
(modalAttribute ?FORMULA Necessity)
(not
(modalAttribute
(not ?FORMULA)
Possibility)))
The statement formula has the model force of obligation agar hai the statement "formula" has the model force of permission.
(<=>
(modalAttribute ?FORMULA Obligation)
(not
(modalAttribute
(not ?FORMULA)
Permission)))
obj is an instance of padaartha agar hai yah kuch bhOtika avasthaa attr nahin, ki attr is an attribute of obj.
(<=>
(instance ?OBJ Substance)
(exists
(?ATTR)
(and
(instance ?ATTR PhysicalState)
(attribute ?OBJ ?ATTR))))
agent is an instance of sachetana kartaa aur living is an attribute of agent agar hai yah kuch chetanaa visheshataa attr nahin, ki attr is an attribute of agent.
(<=>
(and
(instance ?AGENT SentientAgent)
(attribute ?AGENT Living))
(exists
(?ATTR)
(and
(instance ?ATTR ConsciousnessAttribute)
(attribute ?AGENT ?ATTR))))
entity is an instance of "the union of class1 and class2" agar hai entity is an instance of class1 yaa entity is an instance of class2.
(<=>
(instance
?ENTITY
(UnionFn ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2))
(or
(instance ?ENTITY ?CLASS1)
(instance ?ENTITY ?CLASS2)))
entity is an instance of "the union of class1 and class2" agar hai entity is an instance of class1 aur entity is an instance of class2.
(<=>
(instance
?ENTITY
(IntersectionFn ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2))
(and
(instance ?ENTITY ?CLASS1)
(instance ?ENTITY ?CLASS2)))
entity is an instance of "the complement of class" agar hai entity is not an instance of class.
(<=>
(instance
?ENTITY
(ComplementFn ?CLASS))
(not
(instance ?ENTITY ?CLASS)))
entity is an instance of "the union of all the elements of superclass" agar hai yah kuch superclass class nahin, ki entity is an instance of class.
(<=>
(instance
?ENTITY
(GeneralizedUnionFn ?SUPERCLASS))
(exists
(?CLASS)
(and
(instance ?CLASS ?SUPERCLASS)
(instance ?ENTITY ?CLASS))))
entity is an instance of "the intersection of all the elements of superclass" agar hai sab-kuch class ke lie hai, ki: agar class is an instance of superclass, to entity is an instance of class.
(<=>
(instance
?ENTITY
(GeneralizedIntersectionFn ?SUPERCLASS))
(forall
(?CLASS)
(=>
(instance ?CLASS ?SUPERCLASS)
(instance ?ENTITY ?CLASS))))
subclass is an instance of "all subclasses of class" agar hai subclass is a subclass of class.
(<=>
(instance
?SUBCLASS
(PowerSetFn ?CLASS))
(subclass ?SUBCLASS ?CLASS))
