工具 (instrument)

(instrument event tool) means that tool is used by an agent in bringing about event and that tool is not changed by event. For example, the key is an instrument in the following proposition: The key opened the door. Note that instrument and resource cannot be satisfied by the same ordered pair.

Ontology

SUMO / BASE-ONTOLOGY

Superrelation(s)

受事者

工具

Type restrictions

instrument(歷程, 物體)

Related WordNet synsets

means, agency, way: how a result is obtained or an end is achieved; "a means of communcation"; "an example is the best agency of instruction"; "the true way to success"
instrument, tool: the means whereby something is accomplished; "my greed was the instrument of my destruction" or "science has given us new tools to fight disease"
instrumentality: the quality of being instrumental for some purpose
implemental, instrumental: serving or acting as a means or aid; "instrumental in solving the crime"

See more related synsets on a separate page.

Axioms (14)

If lang 是動物語言的實例 and proc 是 agent 的施事者 and lang 對 proc 是工具, then agent 是動物的實例 and agent 是人類的實例.

(=>
      (and
            (instance ?LANG AnimalLanguage)
            (agent ?PROC ?AGENT)
            (instrument ?PROC ?LANG))
      (and
            (instance ?AGENT Animal)
            (not
                  (instance ?AGENT Human))))

If lang 是電腦語言的實例 and proc 是 agent 的施事者 and lang 對 proc 是工具, then agent 是機器的實例.

(=>
      (and
            (instance ?LANG ComputerLanguage)
            (agent ?PROC ?AGENT)
            (instrument ?PROC ?LANG))
      (instance ?AGENT Machine))

If lang 是人類語言的實例 and proc 是 agent 的施事者 and lang 對 proc 是工具, then agent 是人類的實例.

(=>
      (and
            (instance ?LANG HumanLanguage)
            (agent ?PROC ?AGENT)
            (instrument ?PROC ?LANG))
      (instance ?AGENT Human))

無交集關係(資源,結果,工具) holds.

(disjointRelation resource result instrument)

If agent 使用 obj, then there exists proc so that proc 是 agent 的施事者 and obj 對 proc 是工具.

(=>
      (uses ?OBJ ?AGENT)
      (exists
            (?PROC)
            (and
                  (agent ?PROC ?AGENT)
                  (instrument ?PROC ?OBJ))))

If poison 是中毒的實例, then there exists 活性生物物質 substance so that substance 對 poison 是工具.

(=>
      (instance ?POISON Poisoning)
      (exists
            (?SUBSTANCE)
            (and
                  (instance ?SUBSTANCE BiologicallyActiveSubstance)
                  (instrument ?POISON ?SUBSTANCE))))

If trans 是運輸的實例, then there exists 運輸工具 device so that device 對 trans 是工具.

(=>
      (instance ?TRANS Transportation)
      (exists
            (?DEVICE)
            (and
                  (instance ?DEVICE TransportationDevice)
                  (instrument ?TRANS ?DEVICE))))

If poke 是戳的實例 and poke 是 agent 的施事者 and obj 是 poke 的受事者 and inst 對 poke 是工具, then inst 連結 agent 和 obj "poke 存在的時間"a(之中) poke 存在的時間.

(=>
      (and
            (instance ?POKE Poking)
            (agent ?POKE ?AGENT)
            (patient ?POKE ?OBJ)
            (instrument ?POKE ?INST))
      (holdsDuring
            (WhenFn ?POKE)
            (connects ?INST ?AGENT ?OBJ)))

If device 是裝置的實例, then there exists 歷程 proc so that device 可以任角色工具做 proc.

(=>
      (instance ?DEVICE Device)
      (exists
            (?PROC)
            (and
                  (subclass ?PROC Process)
                  (capability ?PROC instrument ?DEVICE))))

If device 是裝置的實例, then there exists 歷程 proc so that device 有意圖 "device 可以任角色工具做 proc".

(=>
      (instance ?DEVICE Device)
      (exists
            (?PROC)
            (and
                  (subclass ?PROC Process)
                  (hasPurpose
                        ?DEVICE
                        (capability ?PROC instrument ?DEVICE)))))

If instrument 是樂器的實例, then instrument 可以任角色工具做音樂.

(=>
      (instance ?INSTRUMENT MusicalInstrument)
      (capability Music instrument ?INSTRUMENT))

If device 是運輸工具的實例, then device 可以任角色工具做運輸.

(=>
      (instance ?DEVICE TransportationDevice)
      (capability Transportation instrument ?DEVICE))

If weapon 是武器的實例, then weapon 可以任角色工具做損害.

(=>
      (instance ?WEAPON Weapon)
      (capability Damaging instrument ?WEAPON))

if machine 是機器的實例,
then for all proc holds: if machine 對 proc 是工具, then there exist resource,result so that resource 對 proc 是資源 and result 是 proc 的結果

(=>
      (instance ?MACHINE Machine)
      (forall
            (?PROC)
            (=>
                  (instrument ?PROC ?MACHINE)
                  (exists
                        (?RESOURCE ?RESULT)
                        (and
                              (resource ?PROC ?RESOURCE)
                              (result ?PROC ?RESULT))))))