基本物質 (ElementalSubstance)

The Class of PureSubstances that cannot be separated into two or more Substances by ordinary chemical (or physical) means. This excludes nuclear reactions. ElementalSubstances are composed of only one kind of atom. Examples: Iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and oxygen (O_2). ElementalSubstances are the simplest PureSubstances.

Ontology

SUMO / BASE-ONTOLOGY

Superclass(es)

實體

物質的

物體

自身連續物體

物質

純物質

基本物質

Subclass(es)

金屬原子次原子粒子

Coordinate term(s)

化合物

Related WordNet synsets

chemical element, element: any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 93 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter
simple: composed of only one thing or element or part; "a simple substance"
elemental: relating to or being an element; "elemental sulphur"

See more related synsets on a separate page.

Axioms (4)

純物質完全分割成化合物,基本物質.

(partition PureSubstance CompoundSubstance ElementalSubstance)

If substance1 對 proc 是資源 and substance2 是 proc 的結果 and substance1 是基本物質的實例 and substance2 是化合物的實例, then proc 是化學合成的實例.

(=>
      (and
            (resource ?PROC ?SUBSTANCE1)
            (result ?PROC ?SUBSTANCE2)
            (instance ?SUBSTANCE1 ElementalSubstance)
            (instance ?SUBSTANCE2 CompoundSubstance))
      (instance ?PROC ChemicalSynthesis))

compound 是化合物的實例 if and only if there exist 基本物質 element1,基本物質 element2,化學合成 process so that element1 等於 element2 and element1 對 process 是資源 and element2 對 process 是資源 and compound 是 process 的結果.

(<=>
      (instance ?COMPOUND CompoundSubstance)
      (exists
            (?ELEMENT1 ?ELEMENT2 ?PROCESS)
            (and
                  (instance ?ELEMENT1 ElementalSubstance)
                  (instance ?ELEMENT2 ElementalSubstance)
                  (not
                        (equal ?ELEMENT1 ?ELEMENT2))
                  (instance ?PROCESS ChemicalSynthesis)
                  (resource ?PROCESS ?ELEMENT1)
                  (resource ?PROCESS ?ELEMENT2)
                  (result ?PROCESS ?COMPOUND))))

If substance1 對 proc 是資源 and substance2 是 proc 的結果 and substance1 是化合物的實例 and substance2 是基本物質的實例, then proc 是化學分解的實例.

(=>
      (and
            (resource ?PROC ?SUBSTANCE1)
            (result ?PROC ?SUBSTANCE2)
            (instance ?SUBSTANCE1 CompoundSubstance)
            (instance ?SUBSTANCE2 ElementalSubstance))
      (instance ?PROC ChemicalDecomposition))