xian1 yu1 (before)

(before point1 point2) means that point1 precedes point2 on the universal timeline.

Ontology

SUMO / TEMPORAL-CONCEPTS

Class(es)

zhong3 lei4

ke3 ji4 cheng2 guan1 xi4

shi2 jian1 guan1 xi4
is instance of

fei1 fan3 shen1 guan1 xi4
is instance of

ke3 di4 guan1 xi4
is instance of

xian1 yu1

Superrelation(s)

xian1 yu1 huo4 tong5 shi2

xian1 yu1

Coordinate term(s)

fan3 mian4 han2 shu4 shi2 jian1 kai1 shi3 han2 shu4 ri4 han2 shu4 shi2 jian1 jie2 shu4 han2 shi4 zheng4 mian4 han2 shu4 shi2 jian1 wei4 lai2 han2 shi4 xiao3 shi2 han2 shu4 zui4 jin4 wei4 lai2 shi2 jian1 han2 shu4 zui4 jin4 guo4 qu4 shi2 jian1 han2 shu4 fen1 zhong1 han2 shu4 yue4 fen4 han2 shu4 guo4 qu4 shi2 jian1 han2 shi4 zhou1 qi1 xing4 shi2 ju4 han2 shu4 xiang4 dui4 shi2 jian1 han2 shu4 miao3 zhong1 han2 shu4 shi2 jian1 dan1 wei4 han2 shu4 shi2 jian1 li4 cheng2 han2 shu4 cun2 zai4 shi2 jian1 han2 shu4 nian2 fen4 han2 shu4 shu3 xing4 xian1 yu1 huo4 tong5 shi2 yi3 lian2 jie2 gong1 cheng2 yuan2 jian4 gong4 sheng1 xiang1 jiao1 jiang4 di1 ke3 neng2 xing4 fa1 zhan3 qi1 xing2 shi4 wu2 jiao1 ji2 qi1 jian1 jiao4 zao3 wan2 cheng2 tu2 bu4 fen5 da4 yu1 chuan4 lie4 zhong1 zeng1 jia1 ke3 neng2 xing4 yi4 zhi4 na4 bu4 da4 yu1 xiao3 yu1 fang1 shi4/qing2 zhuang4 kong1 jian1 shang4 jie1 chu4 shi2 duan4 xiang1 jie1 qing2 tai4 shu3 xing4 bu4 fen5 zhong4 die2 shi2 duan4 zhong4 die2 lu4 jing4 chang2 xian1 jue2 tiao2 jian4 bi4 mian3 zheng4 bu4 fen5 xiong1 di4 zi3 mei4 xiao3 yu1 kai1 shi3 ci4 ju4 ji2 ci4 tu2 ci4 zu3 zhi1 ci4 ji4 hua4 ci4 ming4 ti2 feng1 bi4 xu4 jie1 shu3 xing4 wai4 biao3 bu4 fen5 shi2 jian1 jie4 yu1 shi2 jian1 jie4 yu1 huo4 tong5 shi2 shi2 jian1 ren2 zao4 wu4 ban3 ben3

Type restrictions

before(shi2 dian3, shi2 dian3)

Related WordNet synsets

precession, precedence: the act of preceding
earliness: quality of coming early or earlier in time
priority, antecedence, antecedency, anteriority, precedence: preceding in time

See more related synsets on a separate page.

Axioms (19)

If point shi4 shi2 dian3 de5 shi2 li4 and point deng3 yu1 shi2 jian1 zhong1 dian3/yong3 yuan3, then point (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 shi2 jian1 zhong1 dian3/yong3 yuan3 zhi1 qian2.

(=>
      (and
            (instance ?POINT TimePoint)
            (not
                  (equal ?POINT PositiveInfinity)))
      (before ?POINT PositiveInfinity))

If point shi4 shi2 dian3 de5 shi2 li4 and point deng3 yu1 shi2 jian1 qi3 dian3/gen4 gu3, then shi2 jian1 qi3 dian3/gen4 gu3 (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 point zhi1 qian2.

(=>
      (and
            (instance ?POINT TimePoint)
            (not
                  (equal ?POINT NegativeInfinity)))
      (before NegativeInfinity ?POINT))

if "interval de5 kai1 shi3" deng3 yu1 point,
then for all otherpoint holds: if otherpoint shi4 interval de5 bu4 fen5 and otherpoint deng3 yu1 point, then point (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 otherpoint zhi1 qian2

(=>
      (equal
            (BeginFn ?INTERVAL)
            ?POINT)
      (forall
            (?OTHERPOINT)
            (=>
                  (and
                        (temporalPart ?OTHERPOINT ?INTERVAL)
                        (not
                              (equal ?OTHERPOINT ?POINT)))
                  (before ?POINT ?OTHERPOINT))))

if "interval de5 jie2 shu4" deng3 yu1 point,
then for all otherpoint holds: if otherpoint shi4 interval de5 bu4 fen5 and otherpoint deng3 yu1 point, then otherpoint (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 point zhi1 qian2

(=>
      (equal
            (EndFn ?INTERVAL)
            ?POINT)
      (forall
            (?OTHERPOINT)
            (=>
                  (and
                        (temporalPart ?OTHERPOINT ?INTERVAL)
                        (not
                              (equal ?OTHERPOINT ?POINT)))
                  (before ?OTHERPOINT ?POINT))))

interval1 (mei2) kai1 shi3s interval2 if and only if "interval1 de5 kai1 shi3" deng3 yu1 "interval2 de5 kai1 shi3" and "interval1 de5 jie2 shu4" (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 "interval2 de5 jie2 shu4" zhi1 qian2.

(<=>
      (starts ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2)
      (and
            (equal
                  (BeginFn ?INTERVAL1)
                  (BeginFn ?INTERVAL2))
            (before
                  (EndFn ?INTERVAL1)
                  (EndFn ?INTERVAL2))))

interval1 (mei2) wan2 cheng2s interval2 if and only if "interval2 de5 kai1 shi3" (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 "interval1 de5 kai1 shi3" zhi1 qian2 and "interval2 de5 jie2 shu4" deng3 yu1 "interval1 de5 jie2 shu4".

(<=>
      (finishes ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2)
      (and
            (before
                  (BeginFn ?INTERVAL2)
                  (BeginFn ?INTERVAL1))
            (equal
                  (EndFn ?INTERVAL2)
                  (EndFn ?INTERVAL1))))

xian1 yu1 na4 bu4 xiang1 guan1 yu1 jiao4 zao3.

(relatedInternalConcept before earlier)

if obj shi4 wu4 ti1 de5 shi2 li4,
then there exist shi2 dian3 time1,shi2 dian3 time2 so_that_not time1 (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 time2 zhi1 qian2 and for all time holds: if time1 (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 time huo4 zhi1 qian2 and time (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 time2 huo4 zhi1 qian2, then obj (bu2) cun2 zai4s time qi1 jian1

(=>
      (instance ?OBJ Object)
      (exists
            (?TIME1 ?TIME2)
            (and
                  (instance ?TIME1 TimePoint)
                  (instance ?TIME2 TimePoint)
                  (before ?TIME1 ?TIME2)
                  (forall
                        (?TIME)
                        (=>
                              (and
                                    (beforeOrEqual ?TIME1 ?TIME)
                                    (beforeOrEqual ?TIME ?TIME2))
                              (time ?OBJ ?TIME))))))

if obj shi4 proc de5 jie2 guo3,
then for all time holds: if time (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 ""proc cun2 zai4 de5 shi2 jian1" de5 kai1 shi3" zhi1 qian2, then obj not(bu2) cun2 zai4 time qi1 jian1

(=>
      (result ?PROC ?OBJ)
      (forall
            (?TIME)
            (=>
                  (before
                        ?TIME
                        (BeginFn
                              (WhenFn ?PROC)))
                  (not
                        (time ?OBJ ?TIME)))))

If point1 (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 point2 huo4 zhi1 qian2, then point1 (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 point2 zhi1 qian2 or point1 deng3 yu1 point2.

(=>
      (beforeOrEqual ?POINT1 ?POINT2)
      (or
            (before ?POINT1 ?POINT2)
            (equal ?POINT1 ?POINT2)))

point2 zai4 point1 he2 point3 zhi1 jian1 if and only if point1 (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 point2 zhi1 qian2 and point2 (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 point3 zhi1 qian2.

(<=>
      (temporallyBetween ?POINT1 ?POINT2 ?POINT3)
      (and
            (before ?POINT1 ?POINT2)
            (before ?POINT2 ?POINT3)))

If interval1 (mei2) fa1 sheng1not(s) zai4 interval2 qi1 jian1, then "interval1 de5 jie2 shu4" (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 "interval2 de5 jie2 shu4" zhi1 qian2 and "interval2 de5 kai1 shi3" (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 "interval1 de5 kai1 shi3" zhi1 qian2.

(=>
      (during ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2)
      (and
            (before
                  (EndFn ?INTERVAL1)
                  (EndFn ?INTERVAL2))
            (before
                  (BeginFn ?INTERVAL2)
                  (BeginFn ?INTERVAL1))))

interval1 (mei2) bi3 interval2 jiao4 zao3 fa1 sheng1not(s) if and only if "interval1 de5 jie2 shu4" (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 "interval2 de5 kai1 shi3" zhi1 qian2.

(<=>
      (earlier ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2)
      (before
            (EndFn ?INTERVAL1)
            (BeginFn ?INTERVAL2)))

If thing shi4 wu4 zhi4 de5 de5 shi2 li4, then ""thing cun2 zai4 de5 shi2 jian1" de5 kai1 shi3" (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 ""thing cun2 zai4 de5 shi2 jian1" de5 jie2 shu4" zhi1 qian2.

(=>
      (instance ?THING Physical)
      (before
            (BeginFn
                  (WhenFn ?THING))
            (EndFn
                  (WhenFn ?THING))))

If predict shi4 yu4 ce4 de5 shi2 li4 and formula shi4 predict de5 shou4 shi4 zhe3, then there exists time so_that_not formula (mei2) wei2 zhen1 timea(zhi1 zhong1) time and time (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 "predict cun2 zai4 de5 shi2 jian1" zhi1 qian2 or time (mei2) bi3 "predict cun2 zai4 de5 shi2 jian1" jiao4 zao3 fa1 sheng1not(s).

(=>
      (and
            (instance ?PREDICT Predicting)
            (patient ?PREDICT ?FORMULA))
      (exists
            (?TIME)
            (and
                  (holdsDuring ?TIME ?FORMULA)
                  (or
                        (before
                              ?TIME
                              (WhenFn ?PREDICT))
                        (earlier
                              ?TIME
                              (WhenFn ?PREDICT))))))

If remember shi4 ji4 yi4 de5 shi2 li4 and formula shi4 remember de5 shou4 shi4 zhe3, then there exists time so_that_not formula (mei2) wei2 zhen1 timea(zhi1 zhong1) time and time (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 "remember cun2 zai4 de5 shi2 jian1" zhi1 qian2 or time (mei2) bi3 "remember cun2 zai4 de5 shi2 jian1" jiao4 zao3 fa1 sheng1not(s).

(=>
      (and
            (instance ?REMEMBER Remembering)
            (patient ?REMEMBER ?FORMULA))
      (exists
            (?TIME)
            (and
                  (holdsDuring ?TIME ?FORMULA)
                  (or
                        (before
                              ?TIME
                              (WhenFn ?REMEMBER))
                        (earlier
                              ?TIME
                              (WhenFn ?REMEMBER))))))

If parent shi4 child de5 shuang1 qin1, then ""parent cun2 zai4 de5 shi2 jian1" de5 kai1 shi3" (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 ""child cun2 zai4 de5 shi2 jian1" de5 kai1 shi3" zhi1 qian2.

(=>
      (parent ?CHILD ?PARENT)
      (before
            (BeginFn
                  (WhenFn ?PARENT))
            (BeginFn
                  (WhenFn ?CHILD))))

If "text de5 ban3 ben3 int1 " deng3 yu1 edition1 and "text de5 ban3 ben3 int2 " deng3 yu1 edition2 and int2 (bu2) da4 yu1 int1 and pub1 shi4 chu1 ban3 de5 shi2 li4 and pub2 shi4 chu1 ban3 de5 shi2 li4 and edition1 shi4 pub1 de5 shou4 shi4 zhe3 and edition2 shi4 pub2 de5 shou4 shi4 zhe3 and pub1 de5 ri4 qi1 shi4 date1 and pub2 de5 ri4 qi1 shi4 date2, then "date1 de5 jie2 shu4" (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 "date2 de5 jie2 shu4" zhi1 qian2.

(=>
      (and
            (equal
                  (EditionFn ?TEXT ?INT1)
                  ?EDITION1)
            (equal
                  (EditionFn ?TEXT ?INT2)
                  ?EDITION2)
            (greaterThan ?INT2 ?INT1)
            (instance ?PUB1 Publication)
            (instance ?PUB2 Publication)
            (patient ?PUB1 ?EDITION1)
            (patient ?PUB2 ?EDITION2)
            (date ?PUB1 ?DATE1)
            (date ?PUB2 ?DATE2))
      (before
            (EndFn ?DATE1)
            (EndFn ?DATE2)))

If text shi4 qi1 kan1 de5 ci4 zhong3 lei4 and "ce4 int1 zai4 xi4 lie4 shu4 text" deng3 yu1 volume1 and "ce4 int2 zai4 xi4 lie4 shu4 text" deng3 yu1 volume2 and int2 (bu2) da4 yu1 int1 and pub1 shi4 chu1 ban3 de5 shi2 li4 and pub2 shi4 chu1 ban3 de5 shi2 li4 and volume1 shi4 pub1 de5 shou4 shi4 zhe3 and volume2 shi4 pub2 de5 shou4 shi4 zhe3 and pub1 de5 ri4 qi1 shi4 date1 and pub2 de5 ri4 qi1 shi4 date2, then "date1 de5 jie2 shu4" (mei2) fa1 sheng1?{s} zai4 "date2 de5 jie2 shu4" zhi1 qian2.

(=>
      (and
            (subclass ?TEXT Periodical)
            (equal
                  (SeriesVolumeFn ?TEXT ?INT1)
                  ?VOLUME1)
            (equal
                  (SeriesVolumeFn ?TEXT ?INT2)
                  ?VOLUME2)
            (greaterThan ?INT2 ?INT1)
            (instance ?PUB1 Publication)
            (instance ?PUB2 Publication)
            (patient ?PUB1 ?VOLUME1)
            (patient ?PUB2 ?VOLUME2)
            (date ?PUB1 ?DATE1)
            (date ?PUB2 ?DATE2))
      (before
            (EndFn ?DATE1)
            (EndFn ?DATE2)))